Search results for "transition [photon]"

showing 10 items of 273 documents

Monte Carlo study of cluster-diameter distribution: An observable to estimate correlation lengths

1997

We report numerical simulations of two-dimensional $q$-state Potts models with emphasis on a new quantity for the computation of spatial correlation lengths. This quantity is the cluster-diameter distribution function $G_{diam}(x)$, which measures the distribution of the diameter of stochastically defined cluster. Theoretically it is predicted to fall off exponentially for large diameter $x$, $G_{diam} \propto \exp(-x/\xi)$, where $\xi$ is the correlation length as usually defined through the large-distance behavior of two-point correlation functions. The results of our extensive Monte Carlo study in the disordered phase of the models with $q=10$, 15, and $20$ on large square lattices of si…

Condensed matter physicsHigh Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)Monte Carlo methodFOS: Physical sciencesObservableSquare (algebra)Coherence lengthHigh Energy Physics - LatticeDistribution (mathematics)Distribution functionTransition pointLattice gauge theoryAtomic physicsMathematicsPhysical Review E
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Neutron diffraction studies of the molecular compound [Co 2(bta)]n (H4bta =1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid): In the quest of canted ferromagnetism

2013

The exchange mechanism and magnetic structure of the organic-inorganic layered molecule-based magnet [Co2(bta)]n (1) (H 4bta =1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid) have been investigated through variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements and supported with a series of neutron diffraction experiments. Cryomagnetic studies have shown an antiferromagnetic ordering at a transition temperature of 16 K that is followed by the appearance of a weak ferromagnetism below 11 K. The weak antiferromagnetic interlayer interaction plays an important role in this system in spite of the long interlayer separation. A ferromagnetic ordering is induced by applied magnetic fields greater than 1800…

Condensed matter physicsMagnetic structureChemistryTransition temperatureNeutron diffractionMagnetic susceptibilityMagnetic fieldInorganic ChemistryCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceNuclear magnetic resonanceFerromagnetismMagnetAntiferromagnetismCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryInorganic Chemistry
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Monte Carlo Study of Dense Monolayer and Bilayer Films on the (100) Plane of Face-Centered Cubic Crystals

1999

A Monte Carlo simulation method in the canonical and in the grand canonical ensembles is used to study the behavior and properties of dense monolayer and bilayer films formed on the (100) plane of model face-centered cubic crystals. Systems with different effects due to the periodicity of the gas−solid potential are considered, and the mechanism of melting in the first and the second adsorbed layer is discussed. It is demonstrated that the film structure is very sensitive to the gas−solid potential corrugation, as well as to the temperature and the surface coverage. In particular, it is shown that monolayer films formed on weakly corrugated surfaces exhibit the incommensurate (dense) phase …

Condensed matter physicsPlane (geometry)ChemistryBilayerTransition temperatureMonte Carlo methodSurfaces and InterfacesCubic crystal systemCondensed Matter PhysicsPhase (matter)MonolayerElectrochemistryGeneral Materials ScienceSpectroscopyPhase diagramLangmuir
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Thermoreversible gelation of kappa-carrageenan: relation between conformational transition and aggregation.

2003

Abstract We have studied, by optical rotation dispersion, light scattering and rheology, the κ-Carrageenan system to elucidate the processes involved in gel formation (on decreasing the temperature) and gel melting (on increasing the temperature). Our results show that, on decreasing the temperature, a conformational transition from coils to double helices first occurs, followed by aggregation of the double helices into domains and gel formation at appropriate polymer concentration. Structural details of this sequence are better revealed by re-heating the system. Melting appears as a two-step process characterized by first a conformational change of helices involved in junction zones betwee…

Conformational changeGelationTime FactorsOptical RotationBiophysicsMolecular ConformationCarrageenanBiochemistryLight scatteringPhase TransitionRheologyScattering RadiationTransition TemperatureTexture (crystalline)Optical rotationchemistry.chemical_classificationChemistryOrganic ChemistryTemperatureSelf-assemblyPolymerCrystallographySelf-assemblyDispersion (chemistry)RheologyGelsBiophysical chemistry
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Early motherhood: voices from female adolescents in the Hohoe Municipality, Ghana—a qualitative study utilizing Schlossberg’s Transition Theory

2020

ABSTRACT Purpose: Using Schlossberg’s Transition Theory, this study explored the lived experiences of pregnant adolescents and adolescent mothers coping strategies during their transition to motherhood. Methods: Based on a phenomenological perspective, this qualitative study used in-depth interviews (IDIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs) to answer the research aim. The process of data gathering included 8 FGDs and 12 IDIs held with adolescent mothers and pregnant adolescents. Audio recordings were transcribed and imported into MAXQDA 2018 for analysis. Results: Applying the interpretative phenomenologial analysis (IPA), four key themes emerged. This included: news of pregnancy; adolescen…

Coping (psychology)AdolescentIllegitimacySocial StigmaMothersGhanaDevelopmental psychologyYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesSocial support0302 clinical medicineEmpirical StudiesPregnancyUnsafe abortionAdaptation PsychologicalHumans030212 general & internal medicinereproductive and urinary physiologylcsh:R5-920Data collectionFemale adolescents030504 nursingHealth PolicyPregnancy UnplannedSocial SupportSchlossberg’s Transition TheoryFocus GroupsFocus groupIssues ethics and legal aspectsAdolescent Behaviorearly motherhoodPregnancy in AdolescenceFemaleFundamentals and skillslcsh:Medicine (General)Psychological Theory0305 other medical sciencePsychologyGerontologyPsychosocialadolescent mothersqualitative researchQualitative researchSocial capitalInternational Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being
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Pattern formation and transition to chaos in a chemotaxis model of acute inflammation

2021

We investigate a reaction-diffusion-chemotaxis system that describes the immune response during an inflammatory attack. The model is a modification of the system proposed in Penner, Ermentrout, and Swigon [SIAM J. Appl. Dyn. Syst., 11 (2012), pp. 629-660]. We introduce a logistic term in the immune cell dynamics to reproduce the macrophages' activation, allowing us to describe the disease evolution from the early stages to the acute phase. We focus on the appearance of pattern solutions and their stability. We discover steady-state (Turing) and wave instabilities and classify the bifurcations deriving the corresponding amplitude equations. We study stationary radially symmetric solutions an…

CriticalityChaos (genus)biologyChemistryChemotaxisInflammation modelPattern formationChemotaxisInflammationbiology.organism_classificationImmune systemBifurcation analysisBifurcation analysisTransition to chaosModeling and SimulationmedicinePattern formationmedicine.symptomNeuroscienceSettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaAnalysis
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Topochemical Reactions of Monomers with Conjugated Triple-Bonds VII Mechanism of Transition from Monomer to Polymer Phase During Solid-State Polymeri…

1972

The lattice-controlled solid-state polymerisation of three different modifications of 2,4-hexadiin-1,6-diol-bis(phenylurethane) was investigated by X-ray and optical methods. The polymerisation is a homogeneous reaction. The polymer grows in the form of single chains within the crystal of the monomer. The chains extend along a definite crystallographic direction. Monomer and polymer are isomorphous and monomer-polymer single crystals of various compositions are obtained up to a quantitative conversion in the case of modification I or III. Phase separation into a mesomorphic polymer and oriented monomer phase was observed on annealing partially polymerised single-crystals of modification II …

Crystalchemistry.chemical_classificationchemistry.chemical_compoundMonomerPolymerizationchemistryTransition pointPhase (matter)Polymer chemistryGeneral ChemistryPolymerConjugated systemTriple bondIsrael Journal of Chemistry
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Crystal structure and magnetism of the double perovskites A2FeReO6 (A=Ca, Sr, Ba)

2004

Abstract We synthesized a series of double perovskites A 2 FeReO 6 (A=Ca, Sr, Ba) with Curie temperatures above room-temperature. Neutron and X-ray diffraction analysis have been performed in order to determine the structural and (local) magnetic properties of these materials. While Ba 2 FeReO 6 stays cubic over the whole temperature range we examined, the Sr-compound shows a tetragonal distortion of the perovskite structure which does not completely vanish up to about 520 K far above T C . Ca 2 FeReO 6 has a monoclinic unit cell at high temperatures. Below 400 K a phase separation in two monoclinic phases with identical cell volume is observed in neutron scattering.

CrystallographyTetragonal crystal systemMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsTransition temperatureNeutron diffractionCurie temperatureCrystal structureNeutron scatteringCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPerovskite (structure)Monoclinic crystal systemJournal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
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Quantification of low levels of amorphous content in sucrose by hyperDSC.

2005

A method was developed for the quantification of low levels of amorphous content in sucrose with hyperDSC. The method was based on the fact that the change of specific heat at the glass transition is linearly proportional to the amorphous content. It was found out that as annealing time increased, the glass transition temperature moved to a higher temperature and the change of specific heat increased. DeltaC(p) for annealed totally amorphous sucrose was 0.761+/-0.012 Jg(-1) degrees C(-1). Synthetic mixtures with various proportions of crystalline and amorphous sucrose were prepared. The following linear regression between DeltaC(p) and amorphous content was obtained: DeltaC(p)=0.0075x - 0.0…

Detection limitSucroseSucroseMaterials scienceSpecific heatCalorimetry Differential ScanningAnnealing (metallurgy)Analytical chemistryPharmaceutical ScienceMineralogyReproducibility of ResultsAmorphous solidGrindingchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryRegression AnalysisThermodynamicsTransition TemperatureGlass transitionCrystallizationInternational journal of pharmaceutics
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X-ray study of LB multilayers of cadmium soaps in the vicinity of the break up point

1991

Temperature dependent SAXS measurements were carried out on multilayers of two different salts, cadmium palmitate (hexadecanoate) and behenate (docosanoate). The pattern characteristic of layer structure disappears at a transition temperature well below the bulk melting point in both cases. Examination by means of optical microscopy shows that the LB films break up at a temperature close to this transition. Measurements in its vicinity demonstrate that over a certain temperature range just below the transition a second set of peaks arises in the diffraction pattern. During this transition region of about 3 °C width two d-spacings for both salts were found, suggesting the simultaneous existe…

DiffractionCadmiumPolymers and PlasticsChemistrySmall-angle X-ray scatteringTransition temperatureOrganic ChemistryX-raychemistry.chemical_elementAtmospheric temperature rangeCondensed Matter Physicslaw.inventionCrystallographyOptical microscopelawMaterials ChemistryMelting pointMakromolekulare Chemie. Macromolecular Symposia
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